Kavveri Defence & Wireless Technologies share price history

NSE: KAVDEFENCEBSE: 590041Aerospace & DefenseSmall Cap

Kavveri Defence & Wireless Technologies Limited · Formerly Kavveri Telecom Products · Face value ₹10 · Listed Jan 2005 on BSE, Jan 2008 on NSE

₹86.33₹4.11 (5.00%)BSE ₹86.00

Share price at the NSE close on 27 Oct 2026. Previous close ₹82.22.

27 Oct: open ₹81.88, high ₹86.33, low ₹80.70

52-week range of traded prices to 27 Oct 2026

₹51.51Low, 1 Apr 2026₹117.00High, 27 Oct 2025

Delivery only: shares bought must be paid for in full, with no selling on the same day.

Market cap: ₹519 Cr2,489th largest listed
P/E: Lossover the last 12 months
P/B: 4.65
Dividend yield: Nonein the last 12 months
ROE: −1.1%
ROCE: −3.6%
Debt to equity: 0.04
Volume, NSE: 96,961

Kavveri Defence & Wireless Technologies share price by year, month and day

Closes to 27 Oct 2026; the last month as traded on NSE

Kavveri Defence & Wireless Technologies' share price is on record from 2 Jan 2007, when it closed at ₹51.50, to 27 Oct 2026. Its highest close was ₹294.75 on 16 Jan 2008 and its lowest ₹1.65 on 11 Mar 2020. Some closes are BSE's, on days NSE has none.

Close at year end, ₹

Year	Close at year end	Change	Highest close	Lowest close	Open	Traded high	Traded low	Volume
2026so far	86.33	+28.8%	93.92	51.79	65.65	98.20	51.51	4,22,69,049
2025	67.03	+3.7%	155.12	42.01	63.35	162.87	41.14	2,27,41,679
2024	64.65	+353.7%	64.65	10.20	14.40	64.65	10.00	86,15,603
2023	14.25	+106.5%	16.15	4.55	7.20	16.95	4.40	1,29,41,965
2022	6.90	−20.2%	17.40	6.70	9.05	18.25	6.65	97,93,463
2021	8.65	+424.2%	12.10	1.70	1.65	12.10	1.65	46,21,822
2020	1.65	−8.3%	1.95	1.65	1.75	1.95	1.65	59,447
2019	1.80	−78.0%	8.20	1.80	8.20	8.80	1.80	13,65,338
2018	8.20	−42.9%	14.40	7.05	14.50	15.55	6.75	52,99,018
2017	14.35	+25.3%	15.65	8.75	11.20	15.75	8.30	62,73,946
2016	11.45	−52.3%	24.20	10.85	24.45	25.20	10.55	11,59,334
2015	24.00	+64.4%	24.00	9.10	14.75	25.50	8.50	22,42,924
2014	14.60	−54.2%	33.45	12.00	33.45	35.10	10.95	30,88,129
2013	31.90	−62.0%	97.35	23.55	85.00	111.00	23.00	33,01,293
2012	84.00	−34.5%	242.60	83.15	128.65	271.00	78.60	1,18,79,907
2011	128.20	+6.0%	163.20	109.60	123.80	168.95	95.00	1,67,66,839
2010	121.00	+81.5%	156.60	66.95	67.20	173.90	66.75	2,18,05,930
2009	66.65	+39.3%	81.55	22.50	49.45	84.00	21.30	46,10,378
2008BSE close	47.85	−82.7%	294.75	44.50	290.30	309.45	43.05	15,17,282
2007BSE close	276.50	–	276.50	45.80	52.00	276.50	44.10	1,88,25,491

₹ per share, adjusted for splits and bonuses since. Change is on the close at the end of the year before; traded high and low are the year's range. 2021 is from its first session, 1 Mar 2021. The 2020 close is its last trade, on 11 Mar 2020.

Month	Close	Change	Open	High	Low	Volume
Oct 2026so far	86.33	+8.6%	79.00	98.20	74.47	44,60,876
Sep 2026	79.48	+41.4%	56.21	86.46	54.70	1,47,66,277
Aug 2026	56.20	−1.6%	56.71	62.50	54.16	25,12,145
Jul 2026	57.11	−10.2%	63.50	65.59	55.05	16,97,363
Jun 2026	63.58	−0.2%	60.52	70.89	58.00	33,22,638
May 2026	63.70	−0.3%	65.25	70.65	59.00	19,88,587
Apr 2026	63.92	+23.4%	51.51	71.64	51.51	15,50,266
Mar 2026	51.79	−19.2%	61.26	66.48	51.79	13,08,378
Feb 2026	64.07	−7.3%	71.32	90.00	61.30	62,96,081
Jan 2026	69.12	+3.1%	65.65	81.58	56.50	43,66,438
Dec 2025	67.03	−24.1%	86.58	86.58	66.40	19,86,116
Nov 2025	88.35	−9.7%	95.80	112.64	83.86	16,32,874
Oct 2025	97.83	−36.9%	162.87	162.87	96.37	54,57,528
Sep 2025	155.12	+142.2%	67.25	155.12	67.25	81,84,255
Aug 2025	64.05	+6.7%	58.82	71.17	53.30	8,86,647
Jul 2025	60.03	+18.3%	53.28	66.68	50.61	15,84,984
Jun 2025	50.75	+2.6%	50.46	52.48	42.93	4,43,981
May 2025	49.48	+8.5%	44.67	59.09	42.01	5,97,962
Apr 2025	45.59	−2.5%	46.78	51.51	41.86	3,56,635
Mar 2025	46.78	+2.7%	44.62	49.70	41.14	4,85,195
Feb 2025	45.54	−0.4%	47.95	57.23	45.54	3,10,960
Jan 2025	45.71	−29.3%	63.35	65.94	41.45	8,14,542
Dec 2024	64.65	+60.3%	42.33	64.65	42.33	1,92,168
Nov 2024	40.32	−24.1%	54.17	54.20	33.55	7,78,728
Oct 2024	53.11	+22.8%	44.11	58.12	44.11	5,39,282
Sep 2024	43.25	+18.9%	37.10	43.43	37.10	3,02,621
Aug 2024	36.38	+9.6%	33.84	36.38	28.86	4,88,285
Jul 2024	33.18	+53.9%	21.99	33.18	21.99	2,50,792
Jun 2024	21.56	+44.2%	14.60	21.56	13.60	5,61,089
May 2024	14.95	−5.1%	16.45	21.00	14.40	21,13,723
Apr 2024	15.75	+35.8%	11.95	15.75	11.55	9,32,396
Mar 2024	11.60	−15.0%	13.40	13.40	10.00	4,15,298
Feb 2024	13.65	−14.7%	16.80	17.95	13.35	4,41,083
Jan 2024	16.00	+12.3%	14.40	16.00	13.55	16,00,138
Dec 2023	14.25	−11.8%	16.90	16.95	13.30	15,66,015
Nov 2023	16.15	+85.6%	8.90	16.15	8.55	48,02,216
Oct 2023	8.70	+5.5%	8.25	10.00	7.55	4,91,070
Sep 2023	8.25	+0.6%	8.35	10.00	7.90	4,16,899
Aug 2023	8.20	+2.5%	8.15	8.55	7.70	4,48,239
Jul 2023	8.00	−1.8%	8.55	8.95	7.10	9,22,172
Jun 2023	8.15	+75.3%	4.85	9.55	4.85	10,14,898
May 2023	4.65	−11.4%	5.45	5.75	4.65	1,72,014
Apr 2023	5.25	+11.7%	4.80	6.25	4.70	2,48,005
Mar 2023	4.70	−16.1%	5.60	6.90	4.40	8,68,179
Feb 2023	5.60	−14.5%	6.55	7.00	5.50	6,33,515
Jan 2023	6.55	−5.1%	7.20	7.20	6.10	13,58,743
Dec 2022	6.90	−21.6%	9.00	9.30	6.65	16,18,570
Nov 2022	8.80	−11.6%	10.35	10.85	8.40	11,06,030
Oct 2022	9.95	−7.4%	11.25	12.10	9.05	12,03,065
Sep 2022	10.75	+22.9%	9.40	11.70	8.50	11,61,126
Aug 2022	8.75	+4.2%	8.75	9.60	7.75	4,54,107
Jul 2022	8.40	−6.7%	9.40	9.40	7.80	2,84,676
Jun 2022	9.00	−6.7%	10.00	10.00	7.00	5,30,840
May 2022	9.65	−4.9%	9.65	12.30	8.90	5,97,662
Apr 2022	10.15	+1.0%	10.55	12.45	9.90	8,91,438
Mar 2022	10.05	+14.9%	8.40	11.50	8.20	3,82,665
Feb 2022	8.75	−35.4%	12.90	13.45	8.25	8,71,045
Jan 2022	13.55	+56.6%	9.05	18.25	9.05	6,92,239
Dec 2021	8.65	+21.0%	7.30	8.65	6.70	11,65,897
Nov 2021	7.15	+14.4%	5.95	8.60	5.70	6,34,919
Oct 2021	6.25	−30.9%	8.60	10.90	6.25	17,17,806
Sep 2021	9.05	+49.6%	6.35	12.10	6.35	7,31,197
Aug 2021	6.05	+142.0%	2.60	6.05	2.60	1,35,266
Jul 2021	2.50	+42.9%	1.70	2.50	1.70	72,727
Jun 2021	1.75	−2.8%	1.80	1.85	1.75	94,961
May 2021	1.80	−2.7%	1.85	1.90	1.80	14,415
Apr 2021	1.85	0.0%	1.85	1.85	1.85	2,336
Mar 2021	1.85	+12.1%	1.65	1.90	1.65	52,298
Mar 2020	1.65	−10.8%	1.85	1.85	1.65	4,823
Feb 2020	1.85	−2.6%	1.90	1.90	1.80	4,779
Jan 2020	1.90	+5.6%	1.75	1.95	1.70	49,845
Dec 2019	1.80	−20.0%	2.15	2.60	1.80	69,163
Nov 2019	2.25	−19.6%	2.90	2.90	2.20	19,242
Oct 2019	2.80	+12.0%	2.40	2.80	2.20	10,891
Sep 2019	2.50	−10.7%	2.80	2.80	2.50	10,045
Aug 2019	2.80	0.0%	2.70	2.90	2.45	42,784
Jul 2019	2.80	−20.0%	3.80	3.95	2.60	92,406
Jun 2019	3.50	−17.6%	4.40	4.60	3.30	37,412
May 2019	4.25	−4.5%	4.35	4.75	3.45	39,357
Apr 2019	4.45	−13.6%	5.00	5.40	4.45	61,260
Mar 2019	5.15	0.0%	5.20	5.65	4.85	2,76,288
Feb 2019	5.15	−19.5%	7.40	7.95	4.05	5,52,803
Jan 2019	6.40	−22.0%	8.20	8.80	6.20	1,53,687
Dec 2018	8.20	+3.1%	7.95	9.65	6.75	2,74,575
Nov 2018	7.95	+2.6%	8.45	8.80	7.00	90,729
Oct 2018	7.75	−3.1%	8.00	9.80	7.30	77,585
Sep 2018	8.00	−6.4%	9.30	9.95	7.60	1,71,249
Aug 2018	8.55	−6.6%	9.30	11.00	8.20	2,19,239
Jul 2018	9.15	+11.6%	8.75	11.25	7.40	16,53,640
Jun 2018	8.20	−5.2%	8.65	9.80	7.35	86,652
May 2018	8.65	−9.4%	9.90	10.50	8.10	2,35,036
Apr 2018	9.55	−8.2%	10.90	12.20	8.40	10,20,119
Mar 2018	10.40	−12.6%	11.80	14.00	10.20	6,93,431
Feb 2018	11.90	−0.4%	12.35	14.20	9.50	4,52,127
Jan 2018	11.95	−16.7%	14.50	15.55	11.20	3,24,636
Dec 2017	14.35	+31.7%	10.95	14.95	10.50	7,73,506
Nov 2017	10.90	−9.9%	13.05	15.35	10.50	8,16,203
Oct 2017	12.10	+28.0%	10.20	12.10	8.50	2,26,291
Sep 2017	9.45	+8.0%	9.05	11.80	8.70	6,46,363
Aug 2017	8.75	−21.9%	11.20	11.70	8.30	1,59,618
Jul 2017	11.20	+0.4%	11.20	13.15	10.65	1,79,880
Jun 2017	11.15	−3.9%	11.25	12.70	10.35	96,609
May 2017	11.60	−6.8%	12.05	13.60	11.50	1,16,775
Apr 2017	12.45	−3.5%	12.40	14.35	11.75	4,07,259
Mar 2017	12.90	+4.0%	12.45	15.75	9.65	27,26,701
Feb 2017	12.40	−2.0%	13.00	13.70	10.50	60,874
Jan 2017	12.65	+10.5%	11.20	13.70	11.00	63,867
Dec 2016	11.45	−14.2%	13.00	15.00	10.55	66,785
Nov 2016	13.35	−4.6%	13.90	15.95	11.50	85,260
Oct 2016	14.00	+8.5%	14.20	15.15	11.20	82,532
Sep 2016	12.90	−12.8%	14.65	16.25	12.90	64,010
Aug 2016	14.80	−6.6%	16.50	17.70	13.50	1,21,002
Jul 2016	15.85	+6.4%	14.90	18.80	14.05	1,64,318
Jun 2016	14.90	+2.4%	14.00	15.00	12.20	65,020
May 2016	14.55	−13.4%	17.45	19.40	13.30	33,703
Apr 2016	16.80	+4.3%	16.00	19.75	14.50	91,834
Mar 2016	16.10	−17.0%	18.90	22.45	15.00	81,768
Feb 2016	19.40	−3.5%	19.15	20.40	14.65	67,901
Jan 2016	20.10	−16.3%	24.45	25.20	17.45	2,35,201
Dec 2015	24.00	+54.8%	15.80	25.50	14.35	3,46,091
Nov 2015	15.50	+2.6%	14.65	17.50	13.85	46,258
Oct 2015	15.10	+3.4%	15.10	18.85	14.00	71,401
Sep 2015	14.60	−6.7%	16.05	16.90	12.80	62,668
Aug 2015	15.65	−21.8%	19.15	20.85	14.35	9,28,648
Jul 2015	20.00	+28.2%	17.15	22.20	14.20	2,29,469
Jun 2015	15.60	+20.9%	12.25	15.60	8.50	77,298
May 2015	12.90	−7.9%	13.30	14.75	11.50	51,381
Apr 2015	14.00	+7.3%	13.00	15.80	12.40	38,589
Mar 2015	13.05	−5.4%	14.20	14.85	11.65	3,08,483
Feb 2015	13.80	−5.2%	14.75	15.40	12.20	44,003
Jan 2015	14.55	−0.3%	14.75	16.10	13.35	38,635
Dec 2014	14.60	−6.4%	14.70	17.75	11.60	75,475
Nov 2014	15.60	−13.1%	18.50	18.80	14.55	72,349
Oct 2014	17.95	+9.5%	16.70	18.65	15.70	38,376
Sep 2014	16.40	+18.8%	14.00	27.00	12.40	5,76,458
Aug 2014	13.80	−9.5%	15.40	18.50	13.25	94,426
Jul 2014	15.25	−14.8%	18.75	21.45	15.05	1,90,609
Jun 2014	17.90	+5.0%	17.00	20.10	16.00	1,92,776
May 2014	17.05	+22.2%	14.00	19.10	10.95	9,74,812
Apr 2014	13.95	−0.7%	14.70	15.25	13.50	1,69,268
Mar 2014	14.05	−41.6%	23.00	23.00	13.00	5,38,831
Feb 2014	24.05	−7.0%	25.80	30.45	24.05	49,081
Jan 2014	25.85	−19.0%	33.45	35.10	25.15	1,15,668
Dec 2013	31.90	+28.6%	25.00	31.90	23.10	1,17,282
Nov 2013	24.80	−10.1%	26.60	31.25	24.25	71,643
Oct 2013	27.60	−2.0%	27.00	30.60	26.00	55,901
Sep 2013	28.15	+16.8%	25.00	35.00	23.50	85,166
Aug 2013	24.10	−16.9%	29.90	29.90	23.00	41,477
Jul 2013	29.00	−11.0%	32.70	36.80	27.70	41,867
Jun 2013	32.60	−41.0%	52.55	52.55	28.75	78,182
May 2013	55.30	+80.1%	31.50	64.30	28.10	14,88,718
Apr 2013	30.70	−61.1%	77.00	84.10	30.50	7,18,117
Mar 2013	78.85	+10.6%	72.00	84.80	55.60	3,41,334
Feb 2013	71.30	−16.2%	87.00	87.05	68.50	1,13,791
Jan 2013	85.10	+1.3%	85.00	111.00	82.35	1,47,815
Dec 2012	84.00	−3.0%	85.10	94.85	78.60	1,38,884
Nov 2012	86.60	−26.6%	118.65	121.80	84.10	7,41,928
Oct 2012	117.95	−19.5%	143.55	146.00	117.05	4,59,121
Sep 2012	146.50	−33.9%	226.60	229.55	115.80	10,06,286
Aug 2012	221.65	−3.9%	271.00	271.00	208.00	10,16,651
Jul 2012	230.60	+4.7%	219.80	261.00	195.00	7,05,135
Jun 2012	220.25	+20.5%	182.50	241.00	176.05	11,58,167
May 2012	182.75	+9.1%	167.50	196.00	160.00	10,51,080
Apr 2012	167.50	+0.6%	185.00	190.00	164.00	11,87,655
Mar 2012	166.55	+1.6%	163.90	181.00	155.00	13,32,326
Feb 2012	163.90	+13.9%	141.25	179.00	141.25	12,90,382
Jan 2012	143.85	+12.2%	128.65	146.00	122.00	17,92,292
Dec 2011	128.20	−4.8%	135.00	144.50	120.65	11,01,780
Nov 2011	134.60	−3.9%	141.50	146.55	121.40	6,66,291
Oct 2011	140.05	+3.7%	134.00	148.00	128.00	6,70,232
Sep 2011	135.00	+5.3%	126.00	145.95	120.65	8,15,268
Aug 2011	128.25	−13.7%	151.60	157.90	118.00	8,48,349
Jul 2011	148.60	−5.5%	158.80	168.95	142.65	15,37,178
Jun 2011	157.30	+23.0%	128.30	158.70	127.35	23,23,367
May 2011	127.85	+2.4%	123.00	137.40	120.55	23,24,300
Apr 2011	124.80	+6.3%	119.90	149.90	117.00	12,20,555
Mar 2011	117.40	+5.0%	112.00	119.90	105.15	17,01,259
Feb 2011	111.85	−2.2%	116.65	119.85	108.25	20,10,492
Jan 2011	114.35	−5.5%	123.80	129.80	95.00	15,47,768
Dec 2010	121.00	+1.5%	126.00	128.00	91.10	15,31,372
Nov 2010	119.25	−17.0%	144.50	173.90	100.15	15,63,657
Oct 2010	143.70	+7.3%	138.35	164.50	127.00	28,36,397
Sep 2010	133.95	−4.4%	142.70	158.40	130.50	28,90,927
Aug 2010	140.10	+15.1%	122.90	144.05	111.05	33,85,387
Jul 2010	121.75	+18.7%	100.20	125.00	96.50	27,81,314
Jun 2010	102.55	+1.4%	104.00	119.65	99.05	12,32,114
May 2010	101.15	−2.6%	102.00	116.50	96.85	8,75,198
Apr 2010	103.85	+23.8%	85.50	110.80	84.00	14,55,732
Mar 2010	83.90	+6.3%	80.00	87.00	78.15	8,34,394
Feb 2010	78.95	+0.1%	81.95	91.20	73.20	5,41,273
Jan 2010	78.85	+18.3%	67.20	92.00	66.75	18,78,165
Dec 2009	66.65	+4.4%	65.30	68.70	62.00	3,15,708
Nov 2009	63.85	−9.4%	67.70	84.00	61.65	6,91,350
Oct 2009	70.45	+23.8%	57.00	71.70	55.05	6,30,369
Sep 2009	56.90	−2.0%	59.00	60.45	53.10	2,88,883
Aug 2009	58.05	+31.2%	46.50	60.45	45.80	6,68,178
Jul 2009	44.25	−8.6%	49.00	53.75	36.80	3,57,137
Jun 2009	48.40	−12.9%	60.45	84.00	47.55	8,06,757
May 2009	55.55	+42.4%	40.80	64.90	35.00	3,78,003
Apr 2009	39.00	+41.3%	28.00	45.75	25.15	2,33,795
Mar 2009	27.60	−8.0%	29.20	32.70	21.30	61,076
Feb 2009	30.00	−24.6%	38.00	39.00	29.05	1,46,503
Jan 2009	39.80	−16.8%	49.45	57.80	35.15	32,619
Dec 2008	47.85	+4.0%	49.75	56.45	43.05	18,104
Nov 2008	46.00	−15.6%	52.50	65.30	43.25	16,403
Oct 2008	54.50	−37.4%	86.05	94.00	52.00	16,685
Sep 2008	87.00	−25.7%	116.00	135.00	84.00	58,141
Aug 2008	117.10	+9.4%	109.00	129.60	106.80	92,315
Jul 2008	107.05	+2.6%	95.10	107.75	84.55	1,03,945
Jun 2008	104.30	−54.7%	238.90	253.00	104.30	1,88,508
May 2008	230.30	−3.6%	248.00	258.00	224.10	79,725
Apr 2008	239.00	+11.5%	215.15	254.50	186.05	51,358
Mar 2008	214.40	−20.4%	258.55	266.00	176.00	31,442
Feb 2008	269.40	+0.3%	275.00	295.00	218.00	36,280
Jan 2008BSE close	268.65	−2.8%	290.30	309.45	227.20	8,24,376
Dec 2007BSE close	276.50	+43.0%	195.00	276.50	191.00	6,91,662
Nov 2007BSE close	193.30	−1.2%	201.00	207.15	176.00	4,99,793
Oct 2007BSE close	195.55	+28.1%	158.90	219.50	138.10	15,00,885
Sep 2007BSE close	152.60	+4.4%	149.45	158.00	131.60	12,96,696
Aug 2007BSE close	146.15	+40.7%	101.00	151.20	95.00	16,90,510
Jul 2007BSE close	103.90	+28.2%	81.70	122.45	78.10	44,22,124
Jun 2007BSE close	81.05	+16.4%	73.25	86.90	61.65	25,26,475
May 2007BSE close	69.65	+25.8%	56.90	69.90	53.75	18,15,892
Apr 2007BSE close	55.35	+17.0%	47.85	64.90	46.30	8,08,735
Mar 2007BSE close	47.30	−13.0%	56.00	56.90	44.10	3,76,826
Feb 2007BSE close	54.35	−8.3%	60.00	65.45	52.55	12,58,265
Jan 2007BSE close	59.25	–	52.00	68.00	50.20	19,37,628

₹ per share, adjusted for splits and bonuses since. Change is on the close of the month before; high and low are the month's traded range. After months with no trade, the change is on the last month with one.

Date	Open	High	Low	Close	Average price	Volume
27 Oct 2026	81.88	86.33	80.70	86.33	85.39	96,961
26 Oct 2026	77.70	82.29	74.47	82.22	78.86	1,42,904
23 Oct 2026	81.00	82.50	78.38	78.38	78.72	82,878
22 Oct 2026	83.30	87.60	82.46	82.50	83.11	1,24,372
21 Oct 2026	89.26	91.00	86.79	86.79	87.05	1,06,315
19 Oct 2026	94.01	97.25	89.23	91.35	91.63	2,15,556
16 Oct 2026	96.38	96.97	90.30	93.92	94.35	4,51,109
15 Oct 2026	89.80	92.46	89.80	92.46	92.13	1,55,747
14 Oct 2026	81.71	88.06	79.75	88.06	84.82	1,54,253
13 Oct 2026	85.60	86.00	83.22	83.87	83.68	2,53,246
12 Oct 2026	93.00	93.00	87.59	87.59	88.61	2,54,870
9 Oct 2026	93.00	98.20	90.11	92.19	94.69	3,91,429
8 Oct 2026	90.43	94.01	90.00	93.66	93.50	11,81,460
7 Oct 2026	88.90	89.82	85.55	89.54	89.29	4,21,382
6 Oct 2026	83.90	85.55	83.90	85.55	85.40	1,67,209
5 Oct 2026	77.67	81.48	77.60	81.48	80.89	1,43,167
1 Oct 2026	79.00	79.89	75.66	77.60	77.04	1,18,018
30 Sep 2026	77.94	80.50	76.00	79.48	79.26	1,00,996
29 Sep 2026	79.00	80.80	75.70	76.89	78.00	1,12,418
28 Sep 2026	82.70	82.70	78.65	79.03	80.41	1,42,753
25 Sep 2026	82.30	84.50	79.52	82.34	82.02	1,85,913
24 Sep 2026	81.90	86.46	79.00	83.00	84.69	5,72,713

Prices in ₹ per share as traded, not adjusted.